The recommendations of this study are intended to be useful to musicians, dementia care practitioners, and researchers during the pandemic and beyond. While online music is meeting a clear current need for social connection and cognitive stimulation, it also offers some advantages which remain relevant after COVID-19 restrictions are relaxed. The pandemic has prompted innovative approaches to deliver activities and interventions in a digital format, and people with dementia and their carers have adapted rapidly. They also suggest ways to optimize the quality of their musical experience. The recommendations highlight the importance of accessibility, digital safety and wellbeing of participants. It is necessary to adapt the session to the technology's limitations rather than expect to overcome these challenges. In addition to the challenges of digital inclusion and accessibility for some older people, delivering live music online has unique challenges due to audio latency and sound quality. Over 50 examples of online music activities were identified.
Recommendations for best practice were developed and refined in consultation with these collaborators. Expert practitioners and providers collaborated on this study and supplied input about the sessions they had been delivering, the technological challenges and solutions they had found, and the responses of the participants. Online searches of video streaming sites and social media documented what music activities were available. It documents current opportunities for digital music making, and assesses the barriers and facilitators to their delivery and accessibility. This community case study examines recent practice in online music-making in response to COVID-19 restrictions for people with dementia and their supporters, focusing on a UK context. Since COVID-19 has halted the delivery of in-person musical activities, it is important for the welfare of people with dementia and their carers to investigate what alternatives to live music making exist, how these alternatives are delivered and how their accessibility can be expanded. Interactive music provides one of the most effective psychosocial interventions for people with dementia it can allay agitation and promote wellbeing.
8Our Dementia Choir/Alzheimer's Society, Nottingham, United Kingdom.6Cambridge Institute for Music Therapy Research, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.5OPUS Music CIC, Alfreton, United Kingdom.3Chiltern Music Therapy, Chesham, United Kingdom.2Blue Skies Singing Group Facilitator, Nottingham, United Kingdom.1Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.Becky Dowson 1,2 *, Rebecca Atkinson 3, Julie Barnes 2, Clare Barone 4, Nick Cutts 5, Eleanor Donnebaum 3, Ming Hung Hsu 4,6, Irene Lo Coco 3, Gareth John 3, Grace Meadows 7, Angela O'Neill 8, Douglas Noble 9, Gabrielle Norman 3, Farai Pfende 10, Paul Quinn 11, Angela Warren 11, Catherine Watkins 3 and Justine Schneider 1
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